To travel to Inner China is to enter the heart of a country with a rich history, breathtaking scenery and vibrant culture. Far from the skyscrapers of Shanghai and Beijing, Inner China offers an authentic and diverse experience, from ancient imperial cities to sacred mountains and vast grasslands. In this guide, we'll take you through the most fascinating places to visit in Inner China - get ready to discover a world of wonder and adventure!
1. Xi'an
The Ancient Imperial Capital
Xi'an, one of China's oldest cities, was the starting point of the Silk Road and home to several Chinese dynasties. It is famous for its rich history and for hosting one of the most important archaeological finds of the 20th century.
What to see
- Terracotta WarriorsThis army of more than 8,000 terracotta soldiers was buried with the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang. Each figure is unique and represents the soldiers, horses and chariots of the time.
- Xi'an City WallsThe city walls, built during the Ming dynasty, are one of the best preserved ancient city walls in the world. You can walk or cycle along its perimeter.
- Muslim QuarterA vibrant, lively neighbourhood with street markets and the Grand Mosque, one of the oldest mosques in China.
Practical Advice
- TransportXi'an has an efficient metro system for getting around the city.
- ClimateSpring and autumn are the best times to visit because of the moderate temperatures.
2. Chengdu
The Capital of Flavour and Pandas
Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, is famous for its spicy cuisine and for being home to the giant panda.
What to see
- Giant Panda Breeding and Research CentreHere you can see giant pandas and learn about conservation efforts to protect this endangered species.
- Wide and Narrow Street (Kuanzhai Xiangzi)A historic area with traditional alleys, shops, and restaurants where you can try the famous Sichuan spicy food.
- Wuhou TempleA historical temple dedicated to Zhuge Liang, an outstanding military strategist of the Shu Han dynasty.
Practical Advice
- GastronomyDon't miss the Sichuan hotpot and the spicy tofu dishes (mapo tofu).
- AccommodationThere are many boutique hotel options that offer an authentic Chengdu experience.
Guilin and Yangshuo
Dream Landscapes
Guilin and Yangshuo are famous for their impressive karst landscapes, with rugged mountains and meandering rivers.
What to see
- Li RiverA cruise on the Li River offers spectacular views of the karst formations. It is a must-do experience in this region.
- Elephant Trunk HillAn iconic limestone peak with a shape reminiscent of an elephant drinking water.
- Longji Terrace Rice FieldsThese terraces in the mountains offer breathtaking landscapes and are perfect for hiking.
Practical Advice
- ExcursionsBook a boat tour on the Li River for the best views.
- ActivitiesRent a bike in Yangshuo to explore the rural landscapes at your own pace.
4. Zhangjiajie
Mountains that Inspired Avatar
Zhangjiajie is known for its incredible rock formations that inspired the floating mountains in the movie "Avatar".
What to see
- Zhangjiajie National Forest ParkExplore the sandstone peaks that rise dramatically above the jungle. The Bailong Lift, the highest open-air lift in the world, offers breathtaking views.
- Zhangjiajie Crystal BridgeA glass bridge spanning the Zhangjiajie Grand Canyon, offering a thrilling experience and spectacular views.
- Tianmen MountainKnown for its impressive "Gateway to Heaven", a huge opening in the mountain, and the walk along the glass walkway at the edge of the cliff.
Practical Advice
- ClimateThe best time to visit is in spring and autumn, when the weather is more pleasant.
- ClothingWear comfortable clothing and footwear for hiking and exploring.
5. Lhasa
The Heart of Tibet
Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, is a spiritually and culturally rich place, surrounded by impressive mountains.
What to see
- Potala PalaceA former residence of the Dalai Lama and a symbol of Tibet. This impressive palace has more than 1,000 rooms and is a UNESCO World Heritage site.
- Jokhang TempleTibet's holiest temple, which attracts pilgrims from all over the country.
- Sera MonasteryKnown for its philosophical debates among the monks, which take place in the courtyard of the monastery.
Practical Advice
- AltitudeLhasa is at a high altitude, so take a few days to acclimatise before strenuous activities.
- PermitsForeign travellers need a special permit to visit Tibet, which is usually arranged through a travel agency.
6. Luoyang
History and Buddhism
Luoyang is one of the oldest cities in China and is famous for its Buddhist temples and historical sites.
What to see
- Longmen GrottoesAn impressive collection of more than 100,000 Buddhist statues carved into the cliffs along the Yi River.
- Temple of the White HorseConsidered the first Buddhist temple in China, founded in the 1st century.
- Luoyang MuseumThe museum exhibits artefacts from the city's rich history, including ceramics, bronze and jades.
Practical Advice
- TransportLuoyang has good rail and bus connections to other major cities in China.
- FestivitiesPlan your visit to coincide with the Peony Festival in April, when the city's gardens are in spectacular bloom.
7. Harbin
Magical Winter
Harbin, known for its cold climate and Russian heritage, is famous for its International Ice and Snow Festival.
What to see
- Ice and Snow FestivalThis annual festival, which takes place in January, features huge ice and snow sculptures illuminated at night.
- Hagia Sophia ChurchA Russian Orthodox cathedral turned museum, reflecting the Russian influence on the city.
- Central Street (Zhongyang Dajie)A pedestrian street with European architecture, shops and restaurants.
Practical Advice
- ClothingHarbin can be extremely cold in winter, so bring suitable warm clothing.
- ReservationsBook your accommodation in advance if you plan to visit during the festival.
8. Dunhuang
Silk Road Gate
Dunhuang is an oasis in the Gobi Desert and was an important stopping point on the ancient Silk Road.
What to see
- Mogao CavesAn impressive Buddhist cave complex with thousands of sculptures and murals.
- Mingsha Shan DunesSand dunes: Singing sand dunes where you can sandboard and ride a camel.
- Crescent Moon LakeAn oasis in the middle of the desert, surrounded by dunes.
Practical Advice
- Local GuidesHire a guide to gain a deeper understanding of the history and art of the caves.
- ClimateTemperatures can be extreme, so plan your outdoor activities for the cooler hours of the day.
9. Huangshan (Yellow Mountains)
Scenic Beauty
Huangshan, or the Yellow Mountains, are famous for their landscapes of craggy peaks, twisted pines and sea of clouds.
What to see
- Lotus, Bright and Celestial PeaksSome of the most famous peaks offering spectacular views.
- HikingNumerous well-maintained hiking trails allow you to explore the natural beauty of the region.
- Sunrise and SunsetThe sunrise and sunset views are especially impressive from the mountain tops.
Practical Advice
- FootwearWear comfortable shoes suitable for hiking.
- AccommodationConsider spending the night in one of the mountain huts to enjoy the sunrise and sunset.
10. Chengde
Imperial Retreat
Chengde, a historic city near Beijing, is known for its temple complex and imperial palaces.
What to see
- Chengde Summer Palace ComplexA vast complex that served as a summer retreat for the Qing emperors.
- Puning TempleThe Temple of Universal Peace: Known as the "Great Temple of Universal Peace", it houses an impressive statue of Buddha.
- Putuo Zongcheng TempleThe Potala Palace: Inspired by the Potala Palace in Lhasa, it is one of the largest Tibetan temples in China.
Practical Advice
- Day TripChengde can be visited on a day trip from Beijing, but an overnight stay will allow you to explore at your leisure.
- GuidesHiring a guide will help you better understand the history and architecture of the temples and palaces.
Conclusion
Inland China is a treasure trove of cultural, natural and historical wonders waiting to be discovered. From ancient imperial cities to mountainous landscapes and vast deserts, there is something for every type of traveller in this vast and diverse region. If you're planning a trip to China, be sure to include these destinations in your itinerary to experience the best of what the heart of China has to offer. Bon voyage and enjoy the adventure!
